Liberia facts, information, pictures . There are no Liberian notes. US notes in the denominations of 5, 1. Both US and Liberian coins of 1, 5, 1. Liberian coin was issued. Roberts (first president), 1. March; Fast and Prayer Day, 2nd Friday in April; National Redemption Day, 1. April; Unification Day, 1. May; Independence Day, 2. July; Flag Day, 2. August; Thanksgiving Day, 1st Thursday in November; Anniversary of 1. God, I invite you into my daily battle with resistance this Lent. Give me the courage to name, define, recognize, and overcome resistance in my life. Lent (Latin: Quadragesima: Fortieth) is a solemn religious observance in the Christian liturgical calendar that begins on Ash Wednesday and ends approximately six. Get information, facts, and pictures about Rastafarianism at Encyclopedia.com. Make research projects and school reports about Rastafarianism easy with credible. Puritans vs. Separatists The Puritans and the Separatists were both sects of Protestantism, from The Church of England. Get information, facts, and pictures about Liberia at Encyclopedia.com. Make research projects and school reports about Liberia easy with credible articles from our. I watched the first few seasons of The Biggest Loser avidly. The show offered the ultimate fat girl fantasy—go to a “ranch” for a few months, and. Hi Meg, I’m glad you posted this article. I’m an Episcopalian, and I found your list very helpful for some ideas for lent. I was able to pick out a few that would. Coup Attempt, 1. 2 November; President Tubman's Birthday, 2. November; Christmas, 2. December. Good Friday and Easter Monday are movable religious holidays. TIME: GMT. Located on the west coast of Africa, Liberia has an area of about 1. Comparatively, the area occupied by Liberia is slightly larger than the state of Tennessee. On the n it is bounded by Guinea, on the e by C. The low coastal belt is about 4. The land then rises to rolling hills, with elevations of 6. The third belt, comprising the bulk of Liberia, is marked by abrupt changes of elevation in a series of low mountains and plateaus, less densely forested than the hilly region. The Nimba Mountains are near the Guinea frontier. The Wologizi Mountains reach a maximum of about 1,3. Mt. Wutuvi, the nation's highest point. Of the six principal rivers, all of which are at right angles to the coast and flow into the Atlantic Ocean, only the Farmington is of much commercial importance. Sandbars obstruct the mouths of all rivers, making entrance hazardous, and upstream there are rocky rapids. The climate is tropical and humid, with little change in temperature throughout the year. The mean is 2. 7. On the coast the heat is tempered by an almost constant breeze. Yearly rainfall is as high as 5. There are distinct wet and dry seasons, most of the rainfall occurring between late April and mid- November. Average relative humidity in the coastal area is about 8. December and March, when the dust- laden harmattan blows from the Sahara. Liberia, together with adjoining Sierra Leone and C. There are about 2. The bombex (cotton tree), the oil palm, and the kola tree are common. The wild rubber tree (Funtumia elastica) is indigenous, but the cultivated Hevea brasiliensis is the source of Liberia's commercial rubber. A variety of coffee peculiar to Liberia, Coffea liberica, was formerly common but has given way to the preferred Coffea robusta. Fruit trees include citrus varieties, the alligator apple, papaya, mango. Pineapples grow wild. Among the cultivated plants are cassava, cotton, cacao, indigo, and upland rice. Elephant and buffalo, once common in Liberia, have largely disappeared, but several species of antelope are found in the interior; two of these, the white- shouldered duiker and the zebra antelope, are peculiar to Liberia. A lemur called Bosman's potto and several species of monkey, including the long- haired and the Diana, are found in the forests. Wild pigs and porcupines exist in sparsely settled areas, and several members of the leopard group are also found. Most of the 1. 5 species of snakes are venomous. Termites build lofty nests throughout the country. In some areas the tsetse fly is found, and driver ants and mosquitoes are common. Several varieties of snail act as hosts in the propagation of certain enteric diseases. Among the birds are the hornbill, wild guinea fowl, cattle egret (cowbird), flamingo, woodpecker, and weaver. As of 2. 00. 2, there were at least 1. The nation lacks regulatory agencies to supervise the preservation of the environment. As the 1. 98. 0s began, Liberia was one of the last West African countries with significant primary forest reserves, but recent estimates suggest that deforestation continues at a rate of about 2% per year. Commercial logging, firewood cutting, and a government land- clearing program all threaten primary forestland. Forests currently account for less than 4. Liberia's land. By the mid- 1. Cozy Mystery Books - mystery authors beginning with the letter "D" - each mystery author's bibliography / chronological book list and series. Episcopalian vs. Catholic Episcopalians and Catholics are very much alike and sometimes hard to distinguish from each other. As some of you may know, the word. There was a baptism in church, and five-year-old Emma watched intently as the pastor poured water on the tiny infant’s head and said some important sounding words. Hunting and loss of habitat have decimated wildlife along the coastal plain, and there are no longer any large herds of big game in the interior. The water supply is usually limited to open sources such as streams, swamps, and shallow, uncovered wells; the result, especially during the rainy season, is that insects and parasites thrive, creating a major health hazard. Safe drinking water is available to 7. Liberia's urban dwellers and 5. The Mano and St. John rivers are becoming increasingly polluted from the dumping of iron ore tailings, and the coastal waters from oil residue and the dumping of untreated sewage and waste water. According to a 2. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), the number of threatened species included 2. The Jentink's duiker, the whitebreasted guinea fowl, Pel's flying squirrel, the green turtle, and the Liberian mongoose are threatened species in Liberia. The population of Liberia in 2. United Nations (UN) at 3,2. In 2. 00. 5, approximately 2% of the population was over 6. There were 1. 00 males for every 1. According to the UN, the annual population rate of change for 2. Political instability in the country has undermined the effectiveness of government reproductive health programs. The projected population for the year 2. The population density was 2. The population consists of indigenous Africans and descendants of American black settlers (also known as Liberico- Americans or Amerafricans), in the ratio of at least 3. The UN estimated that 4. The capital city, Monrovia, had a population of 5. More than one- third of the population lives within an 8. Monrovia. After Monrovia, Buchanan, Harper, and Greenville are the largest port cities; Gbarnga, Kakata, Sanniquellie, Zorzor, and Ghanpa are major interior towns. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS has had a significant impact on the population of Liberia. The UN estimated that 6. HIV/AIDS in 2. 00. The AIDS epidemic causes higher death and infant mortality rates, and lowers life expectancy. The Liberian civil war caused a great amount of migration in the early 1. In May 1. 99. 7, there were still 2. C. Since the beginning of 1. Liberia has improved as the warring factions have been disarmed. Repatriation is only possible after the rainy season ends in October and the roads become passable again; however, between 1. Liberia. Insurgencies that struck Lofa County in April and August 1. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), as Lofa has been the single- largest county of return for Liberian refugees, mainly from Guinea. As of 1. 99. 9, Liberia was host to 9. Sierra Leone. In that year all Liberian refugees who had fled were presumed to have returned to their homeland. In March 2. 00. 3, armed conflict between the government and two rebel groups spread to nine of Liberia's fifteen counties. A ceasefire agreement was broken soon after signing. The end of the 1. A 1. 5,0. 00- strong UN peacekeeping force restored security to the country and disarmed and demobilized over 1. November 2. 00. 5. According to UNHCR, by the end of 2. Liberia. In addition, there were 5. In 2. 00. 4 Liberia had 1. C. In that same year, Liberia ranked eighth- highest for the origin of refugees, with 3. Guinea, Sierra Leone, C. In that same year over 5,0. Liberians sought asylum in Ghana, Guinea, Italy, Germany and France. Net migration rates have vacillated widely. In 2. 00. 5, the net migration rate was an estimated zero migrants per 1,0. These. were significant changes from 1. Indigenous African tribes constitute 9. Besides the descendants of the early settlers, Liberia is peopled by about 2. They are believed to have migrated from the north and east between the 1. Egyptian and Arabian culture, such as the spinning and weaving of cotton and the smelting of iron. Linguistically, the tribes may be divided into three main groups: the Mande people in the north and far west, the Kru tribes (including the Krahn) in the east and southeast, and the Mel in the northwest. The largest groups are the Kpell. About 2. 5% of the population is Americo- Liberian, descendants of immigrants from the United States who had been slaves. There are also two tribes not strictly Liberian: the Mandingo, who are itinerant Muslim traders, and the Fanti fishermen, who come from Ghana and stay a few years at a time in Liberia. Because of intermarriage and an aggressive national unification program, tribal divisions are rapidly becoming less distinct, especially around the capital. Nevertheless, there is a strong tendency among the indigenous people to preserve their tribal identities. Of the non- African resident population, the biggest component consists of Lebanese and Syrians. English is the official language, but only a minority of the people (about 2. The tribal people use their own languages, of which there are about 2. Of these, Vai, Bassa, and Loma can be written and are being used in correspondence by these tribes. The international phonetic alphabet, introduced by missionaries, has facilitated the use of many of the other tribal languages for correspondence and publication of local newsletters. The early settlers, freed American slaves, brought with them the culture and religion of the US deep South of the slavery era. Their descendants are generally adherents of Protestant denominations. It is estimated that about 4. Christianity exclusively or in combination with traditional indigenous religions. Christian denominations include Lutheran, Baptist, Episcopalian, Presbyterian, Roman Catholic, United Methodist, African Methodist Episcopal (AME), AME Zionist, and several Pentecostal churches. About 2. 0% of the population practice Islam. Mandingo traders, who live mainly in the northern and eastern counties, have made many Muslim converts and Egyptian and Pakistani Muslim missionaries have been active since 1. About 4. 0% of the population practice traditional indigenous religions exclusively. Veneration of ancestors forms the core of most Liberian traditional religion. There is also a small Baha'i community. Southern United States - New World Encyclopedia. The Southern United States—commonly referred to as the American South or simply the South—constitutes a large distinctive region in the southeastern and south- central United States. Because of the region's unique cultural and historic heritage, including early European colonial settlements, the doctrine of states' rights, the institution of slavery, and the legacy of the Confederacy during the American Civil War, the South has developed its own customs, literature, musical styles, and varied cuisines. After the Civil War, the South was largely devastated in terms of its population, infrastructure, and economy. Not until modern times did the situation change. During World War II, new industries and military bases sprang up across the region, providing badly need capital and infrastructure. Farming shifted from cotton and tobacco to include soybeans, corn, and other foods. This growth accelerated in the 1. Large urban areas rose in Texas, Georgia, and Florida. Rapid expansion in industries such as automobiles, telecommunications, textiles, technology, banking, and aviation gave some states an industrial strength that rivaled large states elsewhere. By the 2. 00. 0 census, the South (along with the West) was leading the nation in population growth. Geography. As defined by the U. S. Census Bureau, the southern region includes 1. The South Atlantic States: Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware. The East South Central States: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee. The West South Central States: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas. Flower of Magnolia grandiflora, also known as the Southern Magnolia. The popular definition of the . Those states share commonalities of history and culture. Depending on the context, these states may or may not be considered part of the South. The South is a vast, diverse region, having numerous climatic zones, including temperate, sub- tropical, tropical, and arid. Many crops grow easily in its soils and can be grown without frost for at least six months of the year. Some parts of the South, particularly the Southeast, have landscapes characterized by the presence of live oaks, magnolia trees, yellow jessamine vines, and flowering dogwoods. Another common environment is the bayous and swampland of the Gulf Coast, especially in Louisiana. The South is a victim of kudzu, an invasive fast- growing vine that covers large amounts of land and kills indigenous plant life. History. The predominant culture of the South has its origins with the settlement of the region by British colonists in the seventeenth century, mostly in coastal regions. In the eighteenth century, large groups of Scots and Ulster- Scots (later called the Scots- Irish) settled in Appalachia and the Piedmont. These people engaged in warfare, trade, and cultural exchanges with the Native Americans already in the region (such as the Creeks and Cherokees). The Trail of Tears refers to the forced relocation in 1. Cherokee tribe to Indian Territory (modern day Oklahoma), from what is now the state of Georgia. The forced march resulted in the deaths of an estimated 4,0. Cherokee. In the Cherokee language, the event is called Nunna daul Isunyi—“the Trail Where We Cried.” The phrase originated as a description of the forcible removal of the Choctaw nation in 1. After 1. 70. 0, large groups of African slaves were brought in to work on the plantations that dominated export agriculture, growing tobacco, rice, and indigo. Cotton became dominant after 1. The explosion of cotton cultivation made slavery an integral part of the South's early nineteenth century economy. The oldest university in the South, the College of William and Mary, was founded in 1. Virginia; it pioneered in the teaching of political economy and educated future U. S. Indeed, the entire region dominated politics in that era: For example, four of the first five Presidents—George Washington, Jefferson, James Madison, and Monroe—were from Virginia. Two major political issues that festered in the first half of the nineteenth century strengthened the identities of North and South as distinct regions with certain strongly opposed interests and fed the arguments over states' rights that culminated in secession and the American Civil War. One of these issues concerned the protective tariffs enacted to assist the growth of the manufacturing sector, located primarily in the North. In 1. 83. 2, in resistance to federal legislation increasing tariffs, South Carolina passed an ordinance of nullification, a procedure by which a state would in effect repeal a federal law. A naval flotilla was sent to Charleston harbor, and the threat of landing ground troops was used to compel the collection of tariffs. A compromise was reached by which the tariffs would be gradually reduced, but the underlying argument over states' rights continued to escalate in the following decades. The second issue concerned slavery, primarily the question of whether slavery would be permitted in newly admitted states. The issue was initially finessed by political compromises designed to balance the number of . The issue resurfaced in more virulent form, however, around the time of the Mexican War, which raised the stakes by adding new territories primarily on the southern side of the imaginary geographic divide. Civil War. By 1. 85. South was losing political power to the more populous North and was locked in a series of constitutional and political battles with the North regarding states' rights and the status of slavery in the territories. President James K. Polk imposed a low- tariff regime on the country, which angered Pennsylvania industrialists, and blocked proposed federal funding of national roads and port improvements. Seven states decided on secession after the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1. They formed the Confederate States of America. In 1. 86. 1, they were joined by four more states. The United States government refused to recognize the seceding states as a new country and kept in operation its second to last fort in the South, which the Confederacy captured in April 1. Battle of Fort Sumter, in the port of Charleston, triggering the Civil War. The Confederacy retained a low tariff regime for European imports but imposed a new tax on all imports from the North. A Union blockade stopped most commerce from entering the South, so the Confederate taxes hardly mattered. The southern transportation system depended primarily on river and coastal traffic by boat; both were shut down by the Union navy. The small railroad system virtually collapsed, so that by 1. Confederate economy was crippled. The Union (so- called because they fought for the United States of America) eventually defeated the Confederate States of America. The South suffered much more than the North, primarily because the war was fought almost entirely in the South. Overall, the Confederacy suffered 9. Based on 1. 86. 0 census figures, 8 percent of all white males aged 1. North and an extraordinary 1. South. The republic also found itself under Reconstruction, with military troops in direct political control of the South. White southerners who had actively supported the Confederacy lost many of the basic rights of citizenship (such as voting). With passage of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States (outlawing slavery), the Fourteenth Amendment (granting full U. S. Organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan—a clandestine organization sworn to perpetuate white supremacy—used lynchings and other forms of violence and intimidation to keep African Americans from exercising their political rights, while Jim Crow laws were created to legally do the same thing. It would not be until the late 1. American Civil Rights Movement. Economy. Nearly all southerners, black and white, suffered as a result of the Civil War. With the region devastated by its loss and the destruction of its civil infrastructure, much of the South was generally unable to recover economically until after World War II. Locked into low productivity agriculture, the region's growth was slowed by limited industrial development, low levels of entrepreneurship, and the lack of capital investment. The first major oil well in the South was drilled near Beaumont, Texas, on the morning of January 1. Other oil fields were later discovered nearby in Arkansas, Oklahoma, and under the Gulf of Mexico. The resulting boom permanently transformed the economy of the western South Central states and led to the first significant economic expansion since the Civil War. The economy, which for the most part had still not recovered from the Civil War, was dealt a double blow by the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl. After the Wall Street Crash of 1. From 1. 93. 4 until 1. Dust Bowl, caused an exodus from Texas and Arkansas, the Oklahoma Panhandle region, and the surrounding plains, in which over 5. Americans were homeless, hungry, and jobless. People from all parts of the United States came to the South for military training and to work. Farming shifted from cotton and tobacco to include soybeans, corn, and other foods. This growth increased in the 1. Large urban areas with over four million people rose in Texas, Georgia, and Florida. Rapid expansion in industries such as automobiles, telecommunications, textiles, technology, banking, and aviation gave some states in the South an industrial strength that rivaled large states elsewhere. By the 2. 00. 0 census, the South (along with the West) was leading the nation in population growth. With this growth, however, came long commute times and serious air pollution problems in cities such as Dallas, Houston, Atlanta, Miami, Austin, and Charlotte. Poverty. The South has historically been financially disadvantaged when compared to the United States as a whole. After the Civil War, nearly the entire economic infrastructure of the region was in ruins.
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